249 résultats pour "prevention"

• médecine.

  aux deux étapes précédentes. Le traitement d'un petit cancer du sein découvert précocement repose sur une intervention chirurgicale limitée à la résection de la tumeur (tumorectomie) ; au contraire, le traitement d'un cancer du sein évolué associe généralement la chirurgie (résection de la tumeur et des ganglions envahis), la radiothérapie et la chimiothérapie. Le médecin a également un rôle important dans la prévention et le dépistage. La prévention se fait notamment par la vaccinati...

• Les nanotechnologies pour lutter contre le cancer

  Professeurs encadrant : Mr Cauchy ( Physique-Chimie), Melle Delcloy ( Mathématiques ), M.Deteuf (Documentaliste) Professeurs évaluant le dossier : Sommaire : I. Comment soignait-t-on le cancer avant l'arrivée des nanotechnologies ? 1) la prévention p.1 2) les techniques p.3 II. Nanotechnologies et cancer : les moyens d'aujourd'hui. 1) Quelles sont ces nanotechnologies? p.4 2) A qui profite cette avancée technologique? Et grâc...

• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

  child transmission is particularly prevalent in Africa. D Misperceptions About HIV Transmission The routes of HIV transmission are well documented by scientists, but health officials continually grapple with people’s unfounded fears concerning the potential for HIVtransmission by other means. HIV differs from other infectious viruses in that it dies quickly if exposed to the environment. No evidence has linked HIV transmission tocasual contact with an infected person, such as a handshake, huggi...

• Alternative Medicine.

  The field of chiropractic was founded by David Daniel Palmer in the 1890s. He believed that joint subluxation, or a partial dislocation, is a causal factor in disease andthat removal of the subluxation by thrusting on the bony projections of the vertebrae restores health. In addition to manipulating and adjusting bone and tissue, particularly in the spinal column, chiropractors use a variety of manual, mechanical, and electrical treatments.Chiropractors are most widely recognized for providing d...

• Cheetah - biology.

  animals such as zebras. Unlike most cats, cheetahs hunt during the day, when lions and hyenas that compete with them for prey are less likely to be active. Still,scientists in Tanzania have observed that cheetahs lose 10 to 13 percent of their kills to lions and hyenas. Alerted by the panic of a gazelle herd or by the circling ofvultures, lions and hyenas close in and easily drive the more timid cheetah away from a fresh kill. A cheetah usually stalks prey to within about 10 m (about 33 ft) and...

• Amphibian (animal) - biology.

  strong enough to kill potential predators. C Hearing, Vision, and Vocalizations Amphibians rely on their senses to find food and evade predators. Amphibians lack external ears but have well-developed internal ears. Hearing is most acute in frogs,which typically have a middle ear cavity for transferring sound vibrations from the eardrum, or tympanum, to the inner ear. Frogs and toads also use their keen hearingin communicating with one another. Using a true voice box, or larynx, and a large, exp...

• Vitamin.

  Vitamin B 1, or thiamine, promotes the metabolism of carbohydrates, enabling these nutrients to release their energy. Thiamine also plays a role in the functioning of the nervous system, muscles, and heart. The body does not store thiamine and people who are malnourished may develop thiamine deficiency. Mild thiamine deficiency cancause fatigue, muscle weakness, and loss of appetite. Severe thiamine deficiency causes beriberi, a disease characterized by muscle weakness, swelling of the heart,and...

• North Dakota - geography.

  Bismarck, the growing season averages 134 days, as the average date of the last killing frost is May 11 and that of the first killing frost is September 22. The length ofthe growing season drops to about 110 days in the northerly reaches of the state. The long periods of summer sunshine at this latitude, providing as much as 16 hoursof daylight in summer, help crops to mature quickly, thus compensating somewhat for the relatively short growing season. Temperatures in the north are, on the averag...

• North Dakota - USA History.

  Bismarck, the growing season averages 134 days, as the average date of the last killing frost is May 11 and that of the first killing frost is September 22. The length ofthe growing season drops to about 110 days in the northerly reaches of the state. The long periods of summer sunshine at this latitude, providing as much as 16 hoursof daylight in summer, help crops to mature quickly, thus compensating somewhat for the relatively short growing season. Temperatures in the north are, on the averag...

• Les méningites (Travaux Personnels Encadrés – Médecine & Santé – TS)

  quelques jours et sont fortement contagieuses. Elles apparaissent après infection par différentes espèces bactériennes dont les principa les sont les pneumocoques (Stnptococcus pneumo~~ltl ), les méningocoques de .. type A , B et C (Neisseria meningitidis) et la souche Haemophilius influenza de type B. Ces organismes nichent essentiellement dans les voies aériennes supérieures (nez, bouche, gorge ) et transitent d'un individu à l'autre par l'intermédi...

• First Aid.

  IV SEVERE BLEEDING The presence of blood over a considerable area of a person’s body does not always indicate severe bleeding. The blood may ooze from multiple small wounds or besmeared, giving the appearance of more blood than is actually present. The rate at which blood is lost from a wound depends on the size and kind of blood vesselruptured. Bright red, spurting blood indicates injury to an artery while welling or steadily flowing, dark red blood indicates injury to a vein. Welling or spur...

• Respiratory System.

  rapidly, or laughs while swallowing, the swallowing reflex may not work, and food or fluid can enter the larynx. Food, fluid, or other substances in the larynx initiate acough reflex as the body attempts to clear the larynx of the obstruction. If the cough reflex does not work, a person can choke, a life-threatening situation. TheHeimlich maneuver is a technique used to clear a blocked larynx ( see First Aid). A surgical procedure called a tracheotomy is used to bypass the larynx and get air to...

• La maltraitance infantile (Travaux Pratiques Encadrés – Droit & Société)

  • Parmi les formes de maltraitance au sens propre , le nombre d'abus sexuels recensés est en légère hausse au cours des toutes dernières années . Ils représentent désormais la principale cause de maltraitance. • Cette augmentation est sans doute liée en partie à un meilleur repérage des cas, du fait des nombreuses campagnes de sensibilisation organisées en direction des professionnels et du grand public. l'OBLIGATION DE DÉNONCER LA MALTRAITANCE • D'une...

• police (cours de droit pénal).

  Par la suite, la loi d'orientation et de programmation relative à la sécurité, dite « loi Pasqua », du 21 janvier 1995, a réintroduit le débat sur les rapports entre la police etles libertés publiques. Mettant l'accent sur la répression, faisant de la police la pièce centrale du dispositif législatif, ces nouvelles dispositions ont eu pour ambitiond'enregistrer les évolutions de ces dernières années en mettant l'accent sur plusieurs points : la nécessité de coordonner la police nationale et la g...

• Tuberculosis.

  TB has existed for thousands of years. Scars on a skull found in Turkey indicate the presence of the disease 500,000 years ago. Scientists also have found tubercles inmummified bodies from ancient Egypt. References to TB can be found in the writings of ancient Babylonia, Egypt, and China. The term tuberculosis was first used in 1839; it was derived from the Latin word tubercula, meaning small lump, referring to the small scars seen in tissues of infected individuals. TB reappeared in Europe...

• Dentistry.

  Together with dentists, dental hygienists and dental assistants make up the team that provides dental care to patients. Hygienists record patient medical histories, suchas blood pressure and pulse. They clean teeth, apply sealants and fluoride treatments, teach patients sound oral hygiene practices, and often assist with X rays. Manyhygienists receive a two-year associate degree, while others may choose to enroll in a four-year program at a university or in a master’s degree program. There are25...

• Skin. I INTRODUCTION Skin, outer body covering of an animal. The term skin

  III SKIN APPENDAGES In humans, the skin appendages, or structures embedded in the skin, include hair, nails, and several types of glands. Glands are groups of cells that produce andsecrete substances needed by other parts of the body. In other vertebrates, the skin appendages include scales (in fish and reptiles) and feathers (in birds). Together,the skin and the skin appendages are known as the integumentary system of the body. A Hair Hair is a distinguishing characteristic of mammals, a gro...

• Human Nutrition.

  is one of the most preventable types of cancer. Nutritionists caution that most Americans need to eat more complex carbohydrates. In the typical American diet, only 40 to 50 percent of total calories come fromcarbohydrates—a lower percentage than found in most of the world. To make matters worse, half of the carbohydrate calories consumed by the typical American comefrom processed foods filled with simple sugars. Experts recommend that these foods make up no more that 10 percent of our diet, bec...

• Civil Rights Movement in the United States - U.

  The Great Depression of the 1930s increased black protests against discrimination, especially in Northern cities. Blacks protested the refusal of white-owned businessesin all-black neighborhoods to hire black salespersons. Using the slogan “Don't Buy Where You Can't Work,” these campaigns persuaded blacks to boycott thosebusinesses and revealed a new militancy. During the same years, blacks organized school boycotts in Northern cities to protest discriminatory treatment of blackchildren. The bla...

• Constitution of the United States.

  chief executive should have the power to veto legislation, should be elected by Congress or the people, should be eligible to run for reelection, and should command thearmed forces. Some delegates even hoped for a limited monarchy. Not until September 8, more than three months after the convention started, did the final shape ofthe presidency emerge: a single leader, elected to a four-year term and eligible for reelection, with authority to veto bills enacted by Congress. The president was alsog...

• Constitution of the United States - U.

  chief executive should have the power to veto legislation, should be elected by Congress or the people, should be eligible to run for reelection, and should command thearmed forces. Some delegates even hoped for a limited monarchy. Not until September 8, more than three months after the convention started, did the final shape ofthe presidency emerge: a single leader, elected to a four-year term and eligible for reelection, with authority to veto bills enacted by Congress. The president was alsog...

• fqsdf

  Notre brochure devait être accessible à tous. Nous avons donc choisi d’y résumer les points les plus importants dans un vocabulaire clair tout en essayant d’y donner des explications scientifiques, pour que chacun puisse y trouver rapidement des renseignements sur le sujet. En effet, prévenir du cancer par l’alimentation est, dans beaucoup d’esprits, une « création » de notre société de consommation où l’on développe...

• Gun Control.

  Bridgeport, Connecticut, alleged that gun manufacturers acted negligently (not carefully enough) when marketing and distributing their products. The cities contended that gun manufacturers oversupplied gun dealers in areas with weak gun restrictions, knowing that individuals from areas with tougher laws wouldpurchase the guns. Other cities, such as New Orleans, Louisiana, and Atlanta, Georgia, used a different approach in lawsuits against gun makers. These cities allegedthat gun makers failed to...

• Water Pollution.

  Cryptosporidium in the water supply of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, sickened more than 400,000 people and killed more than 100. H Thermal Pollution Water is often drawn from rivers, lakes, or the ocean for use as a coolant in factories and power plants. The water is usually returned to the source warmer than when itwas taken. Even small temperature changes in a body of water can drive away the fish and other species that were originally present, and attract other species in placeof them. Thermal pol...

• La prévision et la prévention des tremblements de terre

  Ci-dessus: De stru ctions dans la ville de Port Richard son dans l'Alaska, après le tremblement de terre du 27 mars 1964. Ci-dessous : Le building de la Transamerica à San Francisco . Tou s les bâtiments de cette ville, située dans une zone de séismes, so nt conçus de façon à résister aux tremblements de terre! était rectiligne, les deux plateaux glisseraient facilement l'un contre l'autre avec de petits chocs brefs, qui occa­ sionneraient de petit...

• Spider (arthropod) - biology.

  The spider’s abdomen is soft and saclike. On the underside of the tip of the abdomen are three pairs of spinnerets. Each spinneret is studded with many fine, hairliketubes called spigots, which produce a variety of silk threads. The spigots lead to several large silk glands inside the abdomen. Silk is formed as a liquid inside theseabdominal glands. As the silk is drawn out through the spigots, protein molecules within the silk line up parallel to one another, causing the silk to harden and form...

• Civil Rights and Civil Liberties.

  A Religious Freedom Although religious freedom has not generally been curtailed in the United States, Roman Catholics, Jews, and members of such unconventional Protestant groups as theOneida Community and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have historically been discriminated against and sometimes have even been persecuted,although today overt discrimination has almost vanished. The federal Civil Rights Act of 1964, as well as many state and local laws, prohibits religious discrimi...

• Railroads.

  III GAUGES The gauge of track is the distance between the inner edges of the rails at points 1.59 cm (0.626 in) below the top of the heads. In the United States, Canada, theUnited Kingdom, Mexico, Norway, Sweden, and much of continental Europe, the standard gauge is 143.51 cm (56.5 in). Why this measurement became the standard isa matter of speculation. Probably the tradition is inherited from early tramroads built to accommodate wagons with axles 1.5 m (5 ft) long; some of the early edge rail...

• Vietnam War.

  rigged, since about 150,000 more people voted in Saigon than were registered. Diem then deposed Bao Dai, who had been the only other candidate, and declaredSouth Vietnam to be an independent nation called the Republic of Vietnam (RVN), with himself as president and Saigon as its capital. Vietnamese Communists and manynon-Communist Vietnamese nationalists saw the creation of the RVN as an effort by the United States to interfere with the independence promised at Geneva. III THE BEGINNING OF THE...

• Vietnam War - History.

  rigged, since about 150,000 more people voted in Saigon than were registered. Diem then deposed Bao Dai, who had been the only other candidate, and declaredSouth Vietnam to be an independent nation called the Republic of Vietnam (RVN), with himself as president and Saigon as its capital. Vietnamese Communists and manynon-Communist Vietnamese nationalists saw the creation of the RVN as an effort by the United States to interfere with the independence promised at Geneva. III THE BEGINNING OF THE...

• Vietnam War - U.

  rigged, since about 150,000 more people voted in Saigon than were registered. Diem then deposed Bao Dai, who had been the only other candidate, and declaredSouth Vietnam to be an independent nation called the Republic of Vietnam (RVN), with himself as president and Saigon as its capital. Vietnamese Communists and manynon-Communist Vietnamese nationalists saw the creation of the RVN as an effort by the United States to interfere with the independence promised at Geneva. III THE BEGINNING OF THE...

• Washington (state) - geography.

  The crest of the Cascade Range divides Washington into two distinct climatic regions. The area west of the Cascades, which is exposed throughout the year to rain-bearing winds from the Pacific Ocean, has a temperate marine type of climate that is characterized by mild wet winters and cool summers. The Cascades prevent themoist air blowing in from the Pacific from reaching eastern Washington. The Rocky Mountains on the eastern border also represent a climatic barrier. As a result, thesevere winte...

• Washington (state) - USA History.

  The crest of the Cascade Range divides Washington into two distinct climatic regions. The area west of the Cascades, which is exposed throughout the year to rain-bearing winds from the Pacific Ocean, has a temperate marine type of climate that is characterized by mild wet winters and cool summers. The Cascades prevent themoist air blowing in from the Pacific from reaching eastern Washington. The Rocky Mountains on the eastern border also represent a climatic barrier. As a result, thesevere winte...

• USA - Iraq War - History.

  B Making the Case for War B1 “Neoconservatives” and the Bush Doctrine Long before President George W. Bush took office in 2001, elements in or close to the Republican Party had called repeatedly for firmer U.S. steps against Iraq,including a war if necessary to force a regime change. One such group authored a white paper in 1996 called A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm , which was later sent to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leader of Israel’s Likud Party. It advocated...

• U.S.-Iraq War - U.S. History. I INTRODUCTION U.S.-Iraq War, military action begun in

  B Making the Case for War B1 “Neoconservatives” and the Bush Doctrine Long before President George W. Bush took office in 2001, elements in or close to the Republican Party had called repeatedly for firmer U.S. steps against Iraq,including a war if necessary to force a regime change. One such group authored a white paper in 1996 called A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm , which was later sent to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leader of Israel’s Likud Party. It advocated...

• American Revolution.

  C1 The South Southern agriculture was founded on the cultivation of tobacco, wheat, and corn in Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina, and of rice and indigo (a blue dye) in SouthCarolina and Georgia. There was a large demand for these crops in Europe. These crops were cultivated with the help of black slaves imported from Africa. The whiteplanter class in the South was the most powerful, both politically and economically. C2 The North Wheat was the main cash crop of the mid-Atlantic colonies...

• American Revolution - U.

  C1 The South Southern agriculture was founded on the cultivation of tobacco, wheat, and corn in Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina, and of rice and indigo (a blue dye) in SouthCarolina and Georgia. There was a large demand for these crops in Europe. These crops were cultivated with the help of black slaves imported from Africa. The whiteplanter class in the South was the most powerful, both politically and economically. C2 The North Wheat was the main cash crop of the mid-Atlantic colonies...

• Irak 2002-2003 La guerre préventive à l'épreuve La politique de l'endiguement, dont l'embargo, en place depuis août 1990, était la...

  Irak 2002-2003 La guerre préventive à l'épreuve La politique de l'endiguement, dont l'embargo, en place depuis août 1990, était la pièce maîtresse, aura cédé le pas à l'idée d'une guerre préventive. Dès août 2002, la Maison-Blanche était résolue à renverser le président irakien Saddam Hussein. Deux logiques se sont affrontées : celle du président américain George W. Bush, selon laquelle la force légitime la politique américaine, et celle d'une communauté internationale divisée, qui s'est référé...

• L'antisepsie (médecine)

  et de la sécurité des salariés, l'élimination des dangers dans les entreprises et l'amélioration des conditions de travail. ljifli@fai[.)i!fj ANTISEPTIQUES ET DÉSINFECTANTS En 1750, John Pringle , chirurgien militaire écossais, emploie pour la première fois le terme « antiseptic » pour les produits appliqués sur la peau et les plaies. Antiseptiques et désinfectants sont souvent associés pour leurs propriétés anti-microbiennes. Cependant, les désinfec...

• SYNTHÈSE: les dangers sur la route

  peur de la police, d'une amande ou d'un retrait de permis, n'est pas forcément suffisante pour arrêter celui qui a envi d'aller vite, ou de conduire sans ceinture ou avecde l'alcool dans le sang. Mais les mesures ne peuvent pas non plus être plus radicales, elles le sont déjà. Alors, le seul moyen, reste malheureusement les mauvaisesexpériences ; certains ne peuvent comprendre qu'après avoir eu un accident.Mais, l'Etat, en mettant en place ces nouvelles mesures, à certes pour but de diminuer le...

• Médecine: La pédiatrie

  Paradoxalement, le pédiatre doit souvent calmer l'angoisse de parents soucieux de performances parfaitement normales ets'inquiéter à leur place du retard que prend leur enfant. La médecine scolaire Pédiatres ou médecins nommés sur concours par l'Éducation nationale, les médecins scolaires doivent pratiquer, en présence desparents, au moins deux bilans de santé sur chaque enfant, l'un avant l'entrée à l'école primaire, l'autre avant l'entrée au collège.Tous les aspects de la santé de l'enfant son...

• « Pourquoi affirmer que le diabète représente un enjeu de santé publique majeur » ?

  évolution. Elle prend également en charge les personnes proches du patient. La finalité de l’éducation thérapeutique vise à améliorer la santé du patient ainsi que sa qualité de vie et de celle deses proches, rendre les patients plus autonome et responsable de leur santé par l’apprentissages de soins, desbons comportements à adopter grâce à des ateliers d’autosurveillance de la glycémie, pour les diabétiques, coursde cuisines pour les personnes obèse, atelier mesure de la tension etc. .. Ses...

• La santé (cours IFSI)

  L'hygiène de vie. Les personnes de faible niveau social sont celles qui tardent le plus à consulter un médecin. Elles fument 2,4 fois plus de cigarettes et boivent 1,9 fois plus que les autres. Une mauvaise alimentation et l'absence de pratique d'un sport régulier sont aussi des facteurs qui accélèrent l'apparition de graves maladies cardio-vasculaires et respiratoires. • Question 1 La vie moderne fait souvent de nous des sédentaires. Pensez-vo...

• Les grandes épidémies (Travaux Personnels Encadrés – Médecine & Santé – TS)

  fragilise les malades séropositifs, En fait, quatre virus apparentés mais protégeait contre la variole humaine. PRMNT ION ET TRAITE MENT sympt ômes (fatigue, fièvre, maux de et l'apparition d'une souche résistant distincts ont été identifiés. Avoir guéri Des vacc ins (du latin vacca , vache) ont Les antibiotiques n'ayant aucune action tête) passent souvent inaperçus. Puis , aux antibiotiques. de l'un d'eux immunise imparfaitement alors pu être élabo...

• Grand oral du bac : Les professions médicales et de santé

  Purricultrice auprès des parents. Cette profession s'exerce, le plus souven� en maternité. Le diplôme d'État de puéricultrice se prépare en 1 an dans des écoles de puériculture agréées, après le diplôme d'infirmier. S11ge-kmme Les sages-femmes peuvent prendre en charge le suivi d'une grossesse et réaliser des accouchements à condition qu'ils se déroulent normalement et ne soient pas pathologiques. Elles prodiguent également les premiers soins après la...

• bts de la santé et du social

  Eléments de corrigé : Question 1 : / 4 points Exploitation pertinente des documents /1,5 On attend que le candidat analyse les annexes et soit à même d’extraire les connaissances et données utiles  On attend notamment des constats une comparaison de la structure démographique de la population française en 2005 et celle prévue en 2040 (projection). Le candidat doit faire apparaître un vieillissement de la population - En 2005 : La proportion des 30 – 60...

• La publicité mensongère

  De nos jours, la publicité n’est plus limitée seulement aux biens de consommations ou aux services, elle peut aussi promouvoir des hommes ou des femmes, vanter un lieu touristique, une organisation gouvernementale ainsi que des événements sportifs ou culturels. La publicité sert aussi à informer les personnes contre la drogue, le crime, les maladies ainsi qu’à viser les comportements positifs ou négatifs dans une communauté, la prévention de la nature ou promouvoir la prévention rou...

• Grand oral du bac : Les hépatites (Histoire de la médecine)

  SYMPTÔMES La période de contagion débute deux semaines avant l'apparition des symptômes pour se terminer deux semaines après leur disparition. Cependant, une personne infectée qui ne présente aucun symptôme peut quand même transmettre le virus. La période dite d'invasion, qui dure de 2 à 6 jours, se caractérise par un syndrome pseudogrippal : fièvre, douleurs articulaires et musculaires, parfois éruption cutanée et sensation de fatigue. La phase dite i...

• ENCOURIR, v.

  Seuls ceux qui se sont vu matériellement ou légalement imputer une infraction de prévention encourent donc une sanction pénale. Le Droit criminel Le médecin, astreint au signalement des sévices constatés, serait assuré de ne pas encourir de sanctions disciplinaires (viol du secret professionnel) ou pénales (diffamation). L’Express.fr Tu as encouru la peine de mort, dit froidement Louis XI au Brabançon, qui heureusement ne l’entendit pas, tu en as au moins dix sur la conscience, toi!...

• serre, effet de - chimie.

  température prévue d’ici à la fin de ce siècle se situe entre 1,4 et 5,8 °C. Ce significatif réchauffement climatique entraînerait une élévation du niveau des mers allant de 9 à 88 cm (essentiellement due à la dilation thermique des océans), la fonte de certaines zones englacées, une intensification des phénomènes extrêmes (sécheresses, inondations), et peut-être même une modification des courants marins (tel le Gulf Stream dans l’Atlantique Nord). Dans ce cas, des conséquences catastrophiques...