903 résultats pour "finalités"

• Institutions européennes

• Jour par jour, la semaine tragique

  8 h 49. La chaîne CNN réagit instantanément. Il ne lui faut pas plus d'une minute pour enclencher à distance l'une de sescaméras fixes, braquée en permanence sur la ligne d'horizon de Manhattan. Les autres grandes chaînes vont suivre, interrompantimmédiatement leurs émissions. 9 h 03. Après un dernier virage sur l'aile, un deuxième avion s'encastre dans la tour sud du WTC. Les millions detéléspectateurs n'en croient pas leurs yeux. Le feu se propage, des occupants en perdition agitent les bra...

• UNIVERSITE MONTESQUIEU - BORDEAUX IV ECOLE DOCTORALE DE DROIT (E.

• dissertation

  Sujet 1 CORRIGÉ 1. Dans ce texte, il s’agit pour Hobbes de déterminer ce que doit être une loi pour être une bonne loi. L’idée a pour elle la simplicité de l’évidence : une bonne loi, c’est une loi qui satisfait aux exigences de ce qu’une loi doit être, c’est-à-dire qui en remplit la finalité. De même que la manière la plus simple de définir un marteau, c’est encore de dire qu’il s’agit d’un outil destiné à enfoncer des clous, de même ici Hobbes entend définir la loi par le but qui est le sien ; or...

• pharmaceutique, industrie - Mécedine.

  2.7 Progrès et échecs Durant les années 1950, les industries pharmaceutiques, en plein essor, consacrent de plus en plus de moyens à la recherche et au développement. De nouveauxantibiotiques, comme les pénicillines semi-synthétiques, sont introduits afin de lutter contre des bactéries résistantes aux produits plus anciens. Des antihistaminiques,destinés à traiter des allergies, font leur apparition ainsi que des analgésiques, des somnifères et des anesthésiques. Toutefois, ces progrès indéniab...

• ‘'L'avare'' de Molière

  5)... «Il est raillé par ses voisins, vilipendé par ses domestiques ; il laisse son fils s'endetter et sa fille s'enfuir ; ilveut cacher son argent, et on le lui vole ; il veut se marier, et on lui prend sa maîtresse ; il tâche d'être galant, et ilest imbécile ; il pleure, et le spectateur rit. Que de moyens pour rendre un homme grotesque !» (Taine). Il estbouffon devant Mariane, bouffon dans ses pauvres colères, bouffon dans sa naïveté lorsqu'il boit les flatteries deFrosine, bouffon quand i...

• Venezuela - geografía.

  impulsar el turismo. 2.4 Flora y fauna Las diferencias paisajísticas, climáticas y topográficas de las regiones de Venezuela dan origen a una enorme variedad vegetal. En las selvas nubladas de las cordilleras de laCosta y de los Andes, así como en las serranías, destaca la presencia de cedro dulce, jarillo o apamate, que son árboles maderables, además de la presencia de variasespecies de palmas y orquídeas, como la catleya, flor nacional. En las pluvisilvas del sur de Venezuela se encuentran ár...

• Turquía - geografía.

  de Guleman y Fethoye, y de magnetita en las proximidades de Divrigi, además de plomo y cinc repartidos por todo el país. En Boron se ha encontrado cobre y plata, ypetróleo en cantidades más reducidas en la zona suroriental. 2.6 Temas medioambientales Situada en el punto de encuentro de tres grandes regiones biogeográficas, Turquía alberga 2.400 especies vegetales endémicas. Las zonas con lagos, lagunas costeras yotros humedales son numerosas. Aproximadamente el 13,1% (2005) de la tierra está cu...

• Histoire Des Relations Internationales Contemporaines (1949-1991) - Politique

• MARIVAUX, Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de : sa vie et son oeuvre

  précis de l'histoire littéraire et de l'histoire des idées, des articles comme les « Pensées sur différents sujets » ou des journaux comme le Spe ctateur français, dans les­ quels Marivaux défend et illustre sa conception des devoirs de l'écrivain en laissant deviner toute sa passion pour la littérature. Les premiers succès En 1 717, Mari vaux se marie, et des problèmes maté­ riels, qu'il semble avoir ignorés jusque-là, se posent sou­ dain à lui. Lorsqu...

• Le nouveau désordre africain

  Le Rwanda et l'Ouganda sont prêts depuis le début de 1995 à intervenir dans l'est du Zaïre pour en "chasser" les réfugiés hutus,fauteurs d'instabilité. Les Etats-Unis ont donné leur feu vert. Ils viennent de faire le choix de soutenir, contre vents et marées,l'homme fort du Rwanda, le général Paul Kagamé, vice- président et ministre de la défense. Washington juge en effet que lepatron du FPR, au contraire de ses compagnons d'armes et des élites tutsies extrémistes, a un projet politique pour le...

• Battle of Waterloo.

  In the meantime, Grouchy had failed to overtake Blücher's army. At about 10 PM on June 17, Grouchy's scouts informed him that the Prussians, instead of retreating east to Namur, had turned northwest, seeking apparently a juncture with Wellington. Grouchy's message of warning to Napoleon brought the reply, sent at 10 AM on June 18, that Grouchy should keep trying to make contact with the Prussians. Grouchy's pursuit was slovenly and unhurried, and he failed to locate the enemy. On the morning o...

• Historia del cine - historia.

  Edison e Eastman con una cámaraThomas Edison (derecha) trabajando con George Eastman en una cámara cinematográfica. Además de inventar la bombilla, elfonógrafo y el generador eléctrico, Edison desarrolló la tecnología cinematográfica y sincronizó películas con sonido grabado,realizando las primeras películas del cine sonoro.Culver Pictures Hasta 1890, los científicos estaban interesados principalmente en el desarrollo de la fotografía más que en el de la cinematografía. Esto cambió cuando el ant...

• Bowling.

  In each of the first nine frames the bowler rolls one or two balls. If the bowler knocks down all ten pins with the first ball, he or she has rolled a strike, the best roll possible. An X is recorded on the scoresheet or screen, and the bowler receives ten points (the number of pins knocked down) plus a bonus of the number of pins thebowler knocks down in his or her next two bowls. The maximum possible score in a strike frame, therefore, is 30: the strike followed by two more strikes on subseq...

• La royauté homérique

• One Hundred Years of Olympics.

  Getting over the Hurdles The next three Olympics attracted more athletes and saw stronger performances but otherwise did not measure up to Athens. The 1900 Paris Olympics were upstagedby the concurrent Exposition Universelle and were spread out over two months. The 1904 games in remote St. Louis were subordinated to the Louisiana PurchaseExhibition; over three-fourths of the competitors were Americans, and even Coubertin did not attend. The 1908 London Olympics were also overshadowed byanother...

• Basketball.

  rebound. Play continues as the teams score and possession changes. A time-out, when the game is stopped for a certain amount of time, allows coaches to instructplayers or to develop a new game strategy. A Offense Playing offense is perhaps the most prominent part of playing basketball, as it allows players to demonstrate and improve upon individual skills necessary to beingsuccessful. Many of basketball's best players have exceptional talents on offense. Basic offensive skills are passing, ball...

• chimie - chimie.

  3.2. 1 La transmutation des métaux En Égypte, la théorie d’Aristote est admise par les artisans, en particulier à Alexandrie, qui devient, après 300 av. J.-C., le centre intellectuel du monde antique. Selon les artisans, les métaux terrestres tendraient à devenir de plus en plus parfaits et à être ainsi progressivement transformés en or ; en outre, ils pensent pouvoir effectuer plus rapidement cette opération dans leurs propres ateliers et transmuter ainsi les métaux courants en or, métal inalt...

• Droits de la famille

  Aspect historique : On a pu distinguer deux conceptions différentes de la famille, selon la priorit é donn ée aux liens   du  sang  ou  à  l’alliance.  Si l’on  privil égie la  parent é, on va se trouver  en  pr ésence de la  conception lignage de la   famille.   Cela   peut   donc   être   une   conception   assez   étendue   de   la   famille.   Si   la   pr éférence   est   donn ée   au   lien   d’alliance,  on  se  trouve  en  pr ésence  de  la   famille  foyer.  On  tend  g énéralement ...

• Shang Dynasty - History.

  The dynastic ancestors belonged to an elaborate religious pantheon that also included various nature powers and the Shang high god, Di. The higher powers were lessconcerned with the well-being of Shang society than the ancestors were. Di, whose wishes were often hard to determine, could even cause the Shang harm. The naturepowers could occasionally influence the wind, rain, and harvests, but only Di could actually order the weather. For an agricultural society such as the Shang, this wasperhaps...

• Charles Dickens I INTRODUCTION Charles Dickens English author Charles Dickens ranks as one of the most popular writers in the history of world literature.

  Papers of the Pickwick Club (1836-1837; 1837); The Adventures of Oliver Twist (1837-1839; 1838); The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (1838-1839; 1839); The Old Curiosity Shop (1840-1841; 1841); Barnaby Rudge (1841); The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit (1843-1844; 1844); Dombey and Son (1846-1848; 1848); The Personal History of David Copperfield (1849-1850; 1850); Bleak House (1852-1853; 1853); Hard Times (1854); Little Dorrit (1855-1857; 1857); A Tale of Tw...

• États-Unis

• Italia - geografía.

  La flora de las tierras bajas de la parte central y meridional de Italia es típicamente mediterránea, con presencia de olivos, naranjos, limoneros, palmeras y cidros. En lazona sur también son característicos la higuera, la palmera datilera, el granado y el almendro, además de la caña de azúcar y el algodón. La vegetación de los montesApeninos es similar a la de Europa central, con abundancia de castaños, cipreses y robles en las laderas más bajas, mientras que las zonas situadas a mayor altura...

• Wilfrid Laurier.

  The Manitoba schools were the main issue in the 1896 election. Although the Catholic clergy campaigned against him, Laurier argued in Québec that he would obtainbetter terms for the Catholics by negotiating directly with the provincial government of Manitoba. “Hands off Manitoba” was an effective slogan in the other provinces aswell. A second issue was corruption in the Conservative Party, as a series of scandals had rocked the Bowell administration. Israel Tarte, a former Québec conservativewho...

• Wilfrid Laurier - Canadian History.

  The Manitoba schools were the main issue in the 1896 election. Although the Catholic clergy campaigned against him, Laurier argued in Québec that he would obtainbetter terms for the Catholics by negotiating directly with the provincial government of Manitoba. “Hands off Manitoba” was an effective slogan in the other provinces aswell. A second issue was corruption in the Conservative Party, as a series of scandals had rocked the Bowell administration. Israel Tarte, a former Québec conservativewho...

• Une activité inutile est-elle pour autant sans valeur ?

  Essayons donc de percer à jour les insuffisances de la thèse précédente. Est-il bien vrai qu'une activité inutile soit,pour autant, sans valeur ?Tout d'abord, on remarquera que l'idée même d'«activité inutile» pourrait être approfondie : l'inutilité immédiate peutêtre le masque ou l'apparence d'une fin beaucoup plus profonde et cachée : ainsi le jeu, activité ne visant à aucunrésultat utile, s'exerçant spontanément, contribue, positivement, dans les faits, au fonctionnement de l'organisme :il pe...

• planétologie - astronomie.

  été la première indication de l’existence d’un champ magnétique très intense sur une planète autre que la Terre (le champ magnétique de Jupiter est 17 000 fois supérieur àcelui de la Terre). Le rayonnement radio décimétrique (de fréquence comprise entre 1 000 MHz et 3 000 MHz) émis par Jupiter est interprété comme l’émission synchrotronde particules chargées relativistes, piégées dans le champ magnétique jovien interne. Ainsi, les ceintures de radiations joviennes ont-elles été découvertes deux...

• Millennium.

  Postmillennialism, also referred to as progressive millennialism, interprets the Bible less literally than premillennialism does. Postmillennialists regard the millennium as a1,000-year reign of Christian ideals that will end with the return of Christ. In this view, the millennium will not start suddenly through an apocalypse, but graduallythrough the efforts of human beings. Postmillennialists believe that through social reform and by upholding Christian ideals, the kingdom of God will be built...

• COURS D'INSTITUTIONS EUROPÉENNES

  cependant pas indispensable de retracer le contenu de ces projets. Il suffit de rappeler les principales étapes de la construction communautaire. BIBLIOGRAPHIE : - « Institutions européennes » après 2009, qui permettent d’avoir une pratique plus intéressante - « Manuel d’institutions européennes » - « Morau-defarges », AROCOLIN, 2005 : présente de façon très reconnaissante des évolutions politiques de l’UE. - « le puzzle des institutions européennes » : permet de l’ensemble des évolutions politi...

• Book Publishing I INTRODUCTION Book Publishing, manufacture, publication, and distribution of books.

  they use advanced printers and binding techniques to run off as many books as required. Printing only as many books as needed allows companies to save money, andbeing able to store books digitally means that books can be printed whenever necessary, keeping them in print indefinitely. B Marketing and Distribution Once the book has been made, it is ready for distribution. Traditionally, trade books have been sold primarily by salespeople calling on bookstores across the countryand taking orders f...

• Stress (psychology).

  blood flow is diverted from the internal organs and skin to the brain and muscles. Breathing speeds up, the pupils dilate, and perspiration increases. This reaction issometimes called the fight-or-flight response because it energizes the body to either confront or flee from a threat. Another part of the stress response involves the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, parts of the brain that are important in regulating hormones and many otherbodily functions. In times of stress, the hypothal...

• Cold War.

  With this, all the countries of Eastern Europe were under Communist control, and the creation of the Soviet bloc was complete. The events of 1948 contributed to agrowing conviction among political leaders in both the United States and the USSR that the opposing power posed a broad and fundamental threat to their nation’sinterests. The Berlin blockade and the spread of Communism in Europe led to negotiations between Western Europe, Canada, and the United States that resulted in the NorthAtlantic...

• Cold War .

  With this, all the countries of Eastern Europe were under Communist control, and the creation of the Soviet bloc was complete. The events of 1948 contributed to agrowing conviction among political leaders in both the United States and the USSR that the opposing power posed a broad and fundamental threat to their nation’sinterests. The Berlin blockade and the spread of Communism in Europe led to negotiations between Western Europe, Canada, and the United States that resulted in the NorthAtlantic...

• Cold War - U.

  With this, all the countries of Eastern Europe were under Communist control, and the creation of the Soviet bloc was complete. The events of 1948 contributed to agrowing conviction among political leaders in both the United States and the USSR that the opposing power posed a broad and fundamental threat to their nation’sinterests. The Berlin blockade and the spread of Communism in Europe led to negotiations between Western Europe, Canada, and the United States that resulted in the NorthAtlantic...

• CULTURE G

• Supernova - astronomy.

  The term hypernova has been proposed for an extremely massive core-collapse supernova—possibly more than 100 times the mass of the Sun. A hypernova is thought to form a black hole. Just before it explodes, a hypernova may release a huge burst of gamma rays in a jet from the rotating black hole at its center. These jets mayexplain the so-called long gamma-ray bursts detected by astronomers. According to some researchers, massive stars with over 40 solar masses may sometimescollapse directly int...

• Arab-Israeli Conflict.

  the Suez Canal and in 1951 blockaded the Strait of Tiran (Israel’s access to the Red Sea), which Israel regarded as an act of war. In June 1956 Egypt nationalized theSuez Canal, which had been jointly owned by Britain and France. In late October, Israel invaded the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula, defeating Egyptian forces there.Britain and France attacked Egypt a few days later. Although the fighting was brief and Israel eventually withdrew from the Sinai and Gaza, the conflict furtherexacerbate...

• Arab-Israeli Conflict - History.

  the Suez Canal and in 1951 blockaded the Strait of Tiran (Israel’s access to the Red Sea), which Israel regarded as an act of war. In June 1956 Egypt nationalized theSuez Canal, which had been jointly owned by Britain and France. In late October, Israel invaded the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula, defeating Egyptian forces there.Britain and France attacked Egypt a few days later. Although the fighting was brief and Israel eventually withdrew from the Sinai and Gaza, the conflict furtherexacerbate...

• Gerald Ford.

  In May 1973 the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Activities opened hearings and in a series of startling revelations, Dean testified that Mitchell had ordered thebreak-in and that the president had authorized payments to the burglars to keep them quiet. The Nixon administration vehemently denied these assertions. In March 1974 a grand jury indicted Mitchell, Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and four other White House officials for their part in covering up the Watergate break-in andreferred to Nixon...

• Gerald Ford

  In May 1973 the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Activities opened hearings and in a series of startling revelations, Dean testified that Mitchell had ordered thebreak-in and that the president had authorized payments to the burglars to keep them quiet. The Nixon administration vehemently denied these assertions. In March 1974 a grand jury indicted Mitchell, Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and four other White House officials for their part in covering up the Watergate break-in andreferred to Nixon...

• cours de Philo

• COMPRÉHENSION DES ESSAIS DE MONTAIGNE

  ESSAIS comme celle de Du Bellay au roi pour ses Antiquités de Rome ou de Castiglione au révérend et illustre seigneur Don Michel de Silva, évêque de V iseo, pour Le Livre du Courtisan, la camaraderie populaire de Rabelais avec ses« amis lecteurs» dans Pantagruel, ou plus soldatesque de Monluc envers la« noblesse de Gascougne »;ou encore la préciosité de Ronsard pour ses Amours, soit déclamatoire : «Divin troupeau», soit plus intime . «Prends...

• Ulysses S.

  In the autumn of 1862, Grant began planning the drive on Vicksburg, Mississippi, the Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River, which was to yield one of hisgreatest military successes. After several unsuccessful attempts on Vicksburg during the winter, Grant devised a new strategy of attack. In April 1863 he marched hisarmy south along the west side of the river to a point well below the heavily defended city. There, with the aid of the Union river fleet, he crossed the river and began as...

• Ulysses S.

  In the autumn of 1862, Grant began planning the drive on Vicksburg, Mississippi, the Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River, which was to yield one of hisgreatest military successes. After several unsuccessful attempts on Vicksburg during the winter, Grant devised a new strategy of attack. In April 1863 he marched hisarmy south along the west side of the river to a point well below the heavily defended city. There, with the aid of the Union river fleet, he crossed the river and began as...

• Primo Levi, Si c'est un homme

• Civil Rights Movement in the United States - U.

  The Great Depression of the 1930s increased black protests against discrimination, especially in Northern cities. Blacks protested the refusal of white-owned businessesin all-black neighborhoods to hire black salespersons. Using the slogan “Don't Buy Where You Can't Work,” these campaigns persuaded blacks to boycott thosebusinesses and revealed a new militancy. During the same years, blacks organized school boycotts in Northern cities to protest discriminatory treatment of blackchildren. The bla...

• American Literature: Drama I INTRODUCTION American Literature: Drama, literature intended for performance, written by Americans in the English language.

  American plays, while still a minority, began to appear in the theater repertory in the 19th century. Although American plays were still styled after British models, theirsubject matter came to be based on specifically American incidents or themes. In the United States as in Britain, many plays reflected the influence of romanticism , a European literary and artistic movement. Melodrama, with its outpourings of emotion, was the most prevalent dramatic form in the 19th century. Gothic melodramas...

• Cours de droit Constitutionnel

• Memory (psychology).

  memory span —how many items people can correctly recall in order. Researchers would show people increasingly long sequences of digits or letters and then ask them to recall as many of the items as they could. In 1956 American psychologist George Miller reviewed many experiments on memory span and concluded that peoplecould hold an average of seven items in short-term memory. He referred to this limit as “the magical number seven, plus or minus two” because the results of thestudies were so consi...

• Ressentiment et Négation de la dimension transcendante du temps chez Nietzsche et son commentaire par Martin Heidegger