329 résultats pour "share"
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North Dakota - Facts and Figures.
Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders less than 0.1 percent (2000) Mixed heritage or not reporting 1.5 percent (2000) Hispanics (of any race) 1.2 percent (2000) HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy 77.6 years (1989-1991) Infant mortality rate 6 deaths per 1,000 live births (2004) Residents per physician 417 people (2005) Residents per hospital bed 181 people (2005) Share of population not covered by health insurance 12.2 percent (2006) Number of students per teacher (K-12) 12.7...
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South Dakota - Facts and Figures.
Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders less than 0.1 percent (2000) Mixed heritage or not reporting 1.8 percent (2000) Hispanics (of any race) 1.4 percent (2000) HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy 76.9 years (1989-1991) Infant mortality rate 7 deaths per 1,000 live births (2004) Residents per physician 456 people (2005) Residents per hospital bed 180 people (2005) Share of population not covered by health insurance 11.8 percent (2006) Number of students per teacher (K-12) 13.6...
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Michigan - Facts and Figures.
Native Americans 0.6 percent (2000) Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders less than 0.1 percent (2000) Mixed heritage or not reporting 3.2 percent (2000) Hispanics (of any race) 3.3 percent (2000) HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy 75 years (1989-1991) Infant mortality rate 8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2004) Residents per physician 414 people (2005) Residents per hospital bed 386 people (2005) Share of population not covered by health insurance 10.5 percent (2006) Number...
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South Carolina - Facts and Figures.
Blacks 29.5 percent (2000) Asians 0.9 percent (2000) Native Americans 0.3 percent (2000) Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders less than 0.1 percent (2000) Mixed heritage or not reporting 2 percent (2000) Hispanics (of any race) 2.4 percent (2000) HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy 73.5 years (1989-1991) Infant mortality rate 9 deaths per 1,000 live births (2004) Residents per physician 435 people (2005) Residents per hospital bed 369 people (2005) Share of population no...
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Missouri - Facts and Figures.
Native Americans 0.4 percent (2000) Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders 0.1 percent (2000) Mixed heritage or not reporting 2.3 percent (2000) Hispanics (of any race) 2.1 percent (2000) HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy 75.3 years (1989-1991) Infant mortality rate 8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2004) Residents per physician 415 people (2005) Residents per hospital bed 304 people (2005) Share of population not covered by health insurance 13.3 percent (2006) Number of stud...
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Inorganic Chemistry - chemistry.
two electrically charged plates (positively charged top plate and negatively charged bottom plate). By measuring the difference in how fast these electron-laden oildrops fell when the metal plates were charged and uncharged, Millikan was able to calculate the total charge on each oil drop. Because each measurement was a wholenumber multiple of -1.60 × 10 -19 coulombs, Millikan concluded this was the charge carried by a single electron. Using Thomson’s electron charge-to-mass ratio, Millikan then...
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Namibia Facts and Figures.
Female 41.6 years (2008 estimate) Male 44.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 47 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 3,363 people (2004) Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal 85.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 85.3 percent (2005 estimate) Male 85.5 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 7.1 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2001...
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Human Evolution.
Strepsirhines are the most primitive types of living primates. The last common ancestors of strepsirhines and other mammals—creatures similar to tree shrews andclassified as Plesiadapiformes—evolved at least 65 million years ago. The earliest primates evolved by about 55 million years ago, and fossil species similar to lemursevolved during the Eocene Epoch (about 55 million to 38 million years ago). Strepsirhines share all of the basic characteristics of primates, although their brains are notpa...
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Anthropology.
humans, such as tools, pottery, and buildings) and human fossils (preserved bones). They also examine past environments to understand how natural forces, such as climate and available food, shaped the development of human culture. Some archaeologists study cultures that existed before the development of writing, a time knownas prehistory . The archaeological study of periods of human evolution up to the first development of agriculture, about 10,000 years ago, is also called paleoanthropology....
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East Timor Facts and Figures.
Male 64.6 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 43 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 10,380 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 5 people (2000 estimate) Literacy rateTotal 43 percent (2001 estimate) Female 42.8 percent (2001 estimate) Male 43.1 percent (2001 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teache...
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Tuvalu Facts and Figures.
Literacy rateTotal Not available Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher, primary school 25 students per teacher (2001-2002) GOVERNMENTForm of government Constitutional monarchy Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution1 October 1978; revised 1986 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not avail...
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Nauru Facts and Figures.
Population per physician Not available Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal Not available Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling 11 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher, primary school 23 students per teacher (1998-1999) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal and compulsory at age 20 Constitution 3...
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Monaco Facts and Figures.
Male 76.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 171 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 51 people (1995) Literacy rateTotal Not available Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 22 students per teacher (2000-2001)...
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Liechtenstein Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 80 years (2008 estimate) Female 83.5 years (2008 estimate) Male 76.4 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician Not available Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal 100 percent (1981) Female 100 percent (1981) Male 100 percent (1981) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory...
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Andorra Facts and Figures.
Population per physician 275 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 303 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal Not available Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 12 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Parliamentary coprincipality Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 C...
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Marshall Islands Facts and Figures.
Male 100 percent (1980) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 9.1 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2000) Number of students per teacher, primary school 17 students per teacher (2001-2002) GOVERNMENTForm of governmentRepublic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution 1 May 1979 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not available Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) Not avail...
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San Marino Facts and Figures.
Male 96.8 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 5 students per teacher (1999-2000) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution8 October 1600; 1926 electoral law serves some of the functions of a constitution Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not available Military...
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Kiribati Facts and Figures.
Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 11.4 percent (1996) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2000) Number of students per teacher, primary school 22 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution 12 July 1979 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not available Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) Not available...
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North Korea Facts and Figures.
Male 69.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 22 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 337 people (2004) Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal 99 percent (1995) Female 99 percent (1995) Male 99 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 32 students per teacher (1...
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Equatorial Guinea Facts and Figures.
Population per physician 3,314 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 357 people (1988) Literacy rateTotal 87.1 percent (2005 estimate) Female 80.5 percent (2005 estimate) Male 94.1 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.2 percent (2001-2002) Number of years of compulsory schooling 5 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 42 students per teacher (2000-2001) GOVERNMENTForm of governmentRepublic Voting qu...
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Solomon Islands Facts and Figures.
Total 73.4 years (2008 estimate) Female 76.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 70.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 19 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 7,692 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 526 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal Not available Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.6 percent (2000-2001) Number of years of compulsory schooling Not available Numbe...
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São Tomé and Príncipe Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 39 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 2,037 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 211 people (1991) Literacy rateTotal 57.4 percent (1995) Female 42.4 percent (1995) Male 73.2 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.6 percent (1986) Number of years of compulsory schooling 6 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 33 students per teacher (2001-2002) GOVERNME...
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Federated States of Micronesia Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 27 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,667 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 323 people (2000) Literacy rateTotal 89 percent (1980) Female 88 percent (1980) Male 91 percent (1980) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 6.7 percent (2001-2002) Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher, primary school Not available GOVERNMENTForm of governmentCon...
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Vanuatu Facts and Figures.
Female 65.2 years (2008 estimate) Male 62 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 51 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 9,091 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 323 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 52.9 percent (1995) Female 47.8 percent (1995) Male 57.3 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 6.4 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 7 years (2000) Number of students per...
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Iceland Facts and Figures.
Male 78.4 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 3 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 265 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 132 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 100 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 7.8 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 11 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 11 students per teac...
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Seychelles Facts and Figures.
Literacy rateTotal 57.7 percent (1995) Female 59.8 percent (1995) Male 55.6 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.7 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher, primary school 14 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 17 Constitution 18 June 1993; amended 1996 Armed forcesTotal number of military person...
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Togo Facts and Figures.
Population per hospital bed 662 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 63.5 percent (2005 estimate) Female 49.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 77.4 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.7 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 35 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of governmentMultiparty republic Voting qualifications Universal adult Cons...
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Antigua and Barbuda Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 18 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 5,882 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 400 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 89 percent (1995) Female 88 percent (1995) Male 90 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 12 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 19 students per teacher (1999-2000) GOVERNMENT...
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Slovakia Facts and Figures.
Other 6 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 75.2 years (2008 estimate) Female 79.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 71.2 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 7 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 307 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 139 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal Not available Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.4 percent (2002-2003) Number of...
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Cape Verde Facts and Figures.
Literacy rateTotal 78 percent (2005 estimate) Female 70.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 86.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 8.1 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 6 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 28 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution New constitution took effect 25 September 1992;...
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Denmark Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 4 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 273 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 250 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 99 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 8.6 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 10 students per teacher (2000-2001) GOVERNMENTForm of g...
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St. Kitts and Nevis Facts and Figures.
BASIC FACTS
Official name
Federation of
Female 97.5 percent (1995) Male 97.1 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.7 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 12 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 17 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Constitutional monarchy Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution 19 September 1983 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not available Military expend...
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The Gambia Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 55 years (2008 estimate) Female 56.9 years (2008 estimate) Male 53.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 69 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 28,571 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,637 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 42.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 35 percent (2005 estimate) Male 50.2 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3 perc...
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Samoa Facts and Figures.
Female 99.7 percent (2005 estimate) Male 99.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.5 percent (2001-2002) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2000) Number of students per teacher, primary school 27 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Constitutional monarchy Voting qualifications Universal at age 21 Constitution 1 January 1962; amended 1997 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not ava...
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Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 14 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,140 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 222 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 95.6 percent (1995) Female 95.5 percent (1995) Male 95.8 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 10.5 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 11 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 18 students per teacher (2002-2003) G...
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Barbados Facts and Figures.
Population per physician 827 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 132 people (1996) Literacy rateTotal 99.7 percent (2000) Female 99.7 percent (2000) Male 99.7 percent (2000) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 7.9 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 11 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 16 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Parliamentary democracy Voting qualifications...
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Tonga Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 12 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 2,903 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 313 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 99.6 percent (1995) Female 99.5 percent (1995) Male 99.7 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher, primary school 22 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVER...
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Estonia Facts and Figures.
Atheist 11 percent Nonreligious 25 percent Other 18 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 72.6 years (2008 estimate) Female 78.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 67.2 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 300 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 167 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 99.8 percent (2003) Female 99.8 percent (2003) Male 99.8 percent (2003) Education expenditure as a share...
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Palau Facts and Figures.
Population per hospital bed 200 people (1998) Literacy rateTotal 92 percent (1980) Female 90 percent (1980) Male 93 percent (1980) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 9.9 percent (2001-2002) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2000) Number of students per teacher, primary school 15 students per teacher (1998-1999) GOVERNMENTForm of governmentSelf-governing territory in free association with the United States pursuant to the Compact of Free Ass...
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Guinea-Bissau Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 47.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 49.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 45.7 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 102 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 8,181 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 677 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 44.8 percent (2005 estimate) Female 30.1 percent (2005 estimate) Male 60.4 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.3...
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Dominica Facts and Figures.
Male 94 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.6 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 12 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 19 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Parliamentary democracy Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution 3 November 1978 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not available Military expenditures as a share of gross domest...
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Eritrea Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 60 years (2008 estimate) Female 61.9 years (2008 estimate) Male 58.3 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 44 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 19,986 people (2004) Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal 55.7 percent (2000 estimate) Female 44.5 percent (2000 estimate) Male 67.3 percent (2000 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.3 percen...
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The Bahamas Facts and Figures.
Male 62.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 24 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 948 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 294 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 95.8 percent (2005 estimate) Female 96.7 percent (2005 estimate) Male 94.9 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4 percent (1991) Number of years of compulsory schooling 12 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, p...
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Comoros Facts and Figures.
Literacy rateTotal 56.8 percent (2005 estimate) Female 49.7 percent (2005 estimate) Male 63.9 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.9 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 37 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution New constitution came into force 23 December...
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Belize Facts and Figures.
Hindu 2 percent Other 17 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 68.2 years (2008 estimate) Female 70.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 66.3 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 24 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 957 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 769 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 93.2 percent (2000 estimate) Female 93.2 percent (2000 estimate) Male 93.3 percent (2000 estimate) Education expenditure as a share o...
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Mauritania Facts and Figures.
Literacy rateTotal 42.6 percent (2005 estimate) Female 33 percent (2005 estimate) Male 52.5 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.6 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 41 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution 12 July 1991 Armed forcesTotal number of milit...
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Qatar Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 74.4 years (2008 estimate) Female 77.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 71.8 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 17 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 452 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 417 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 83.5 percent (2005 estimate) Female 86.5 percent (2005 estimate) Male 82 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.4 pe...
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Mozambique Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 108 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 37,319 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,153 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 50.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 35.5 percent (2005 estimate) Male 65.8 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.1 percent (1998-1999) Number of years of compulsory schooling 7 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher, primary school 67 studen...
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Tajikistan Facts and Figures.
Other 1 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 65 years (2008 estimate) Female 68.2 years (2008 estimate) Male 62 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 42 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 498 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 164 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 99.5 percent (2005 estimate) Female 99.2 percent (2005 estimate) Male 99.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national pro...
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Trinidad and Tobago Facts and Figures.
Other 11 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 67 years (2008 estimate) Female 68 years (2008 estimate) Male 66.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 24 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,269 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 294 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 98.2 percent (2000) Female 97.5 percent (2000) Male 99 percent (2000) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.6 percent (2002-...