James Joyce - Biography.

James Joyce - Biography. Irish novelist and poet Birth February 2, 1882 Death January 13, 1941 Place of Birth Dublin, Ireland Principal Paris, France Residence Known for Pioneering new narrative techniques, especially stream-of-consciousness, and experimenting with the uses of language Milestones 1900 Published, at age 18, a review of Ibsen's When We Dead Awaken in the London Fortnightly Review, which led to correspondence with Ibsen 1902 Graduated from University College in Dublin and made the first of several stays in Paris 1903 Returned to Dublin to visit his dying mother and met his future wife, Nora Barnacle 1904 Left Dublin with Nora to live abroad for the rest of his life, returning to Ireland for only a few brief periods 1907 Published his first book, Chamber Music, a collection of 36 poems 1914 Published Dubliners after about eight years of battling with censorious publishers 1916 Published A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, a semiautobiographical work which makes use of the stream-ofconsciousness narrative style 1922 Published Ulysses, a novel whose story of a day in the life of Leopold Bloom elevated its author to international renown 1939 Published his last novel, Finnegan's Wake, a novel whose lackluster reception in the literary world left Joyce deeply disappointed 1940 Moved from Paris to Zurich, where he spent the remainder of his life Did You Know Due to his professed antireligious principles, Joyce refused to marry Nora Barnacle until 1931 even though they had been together since 1903 and had several children. Joyce, who had financial problems most of his life, earned almost nothing from his writing until his last years. Joyce suffered from a variety of eye problems for which he underwent a total of 25 operations. He also experienced periods of total blindness. Joyce and his family were supported in part by grants obtained through the advocacy of W.B. Yeats and Ezra Pound. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.